Topic: bocsci

When parts or the whole of certain tissues or organs fail, there are several options for treatment, including repair, replacement with a synthetic or natural substitute, or regeneration. The fabrication of a cell scaffold with hydrogel derived from natural polymer materials is an attractive method to be applied for tissue engineering, but some undesirable mechanical properties and immunogenic risks of natural hydrogel are a dilemma for this kind of application. However, PEG is a promising raw ma...

What are exosomes? Exosome is a type of extracellular vesicle (EV) with a diameter of about 30-150 nm. They are secreted by all cell types and can be found in most body fluids, including blood, saliva, and urine. Exosomes are "nanospheres" with bilayer membranes, which contain a wide array of substances from parent cells, such as microRNAs, mRNA expression, lncRNA, DNA, lipids, peptides, and proteins (including oncoprotein, Tumor suppressor genes, transcription regulators and splicing factors)....

Isotopes refer to different atoms of the same element, whose atoms have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons. The discovery of isotopes makes people have a deeper understanding of atomic structure. This not only gives a new meaning to the concept of elements, but also significantly revolves the benchmark of relative atomic mass, which confirms that the proton number, also called the nuclear charge number, is the key to the chemical properties of elements, not the atomic m...